Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT) comprises a series of non-invasive diagnostic procedures designed to evaluate respiratory system function. These tests measure lung volume, capacity, flow rates, and gas exchange efficiency through techniques including spirometry, plethysmography, and diffusion capacity assessment. During testing, patients perform controlled breathing maneuvers into specialized equipment, generating data that quantifies pulmonary performance. PFTs provide critical objective measurements for diagnosing obstructive and restrictive lung diseases, monitoring disease progression, assessing treatment efficacy, and determining preoperative risk. The results yield quantifiable parameters such as forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and diffusing capacity (DLCO), which facilitate accurate clinical decision-making. As a radiation-free, low-risk procedure requiring minimal patient preparation, pulmonary function testing serves as an essential tool in respiratory medicine for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
